BSW Or British Standard
Whitworth thread was created
by Sir Joseph Whitworth in
1841. This was the first
standardised thread.
Previous to the Whitworth
thread nuts and bolts were
individually hand made to suit,
which meant it was not
possible to just replace or
swap individual nuts or
bolts.
With the Whitworth thread
everything was made to
standard sizes which made
replacement easier and saved
a lot of time.